Prostalex

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Eulexin ® capsules are indicated for use in combination with LHRH-agonists for the management of locally confined Stage B 2 -C and Stage D 2 metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Stage B 2 -C Prostatic Carcinoma Treatment with Eulexin ® capsules and the goserelin acetate implant should start eight weeks prior to initiating radiation therapy and continue during radiation therapy. Stage D 2 Metastatic Carcinoma To achieve benefit from treatment, Eulexin ® capsules should be initiated with the LHRH-agonist and continued until progression.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The recommended dosage is 2 capsules 3 times a day at 8 hour intervals for a total daily dose of 750 mg.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY General In animal studies, flutamide demonstrates potent antiandrogenic effects. It exerts its antiandrogenic action by inhibiting androgen uptake and/or by inhibiting nuclear binding of androgen in target tissues or both. Prostatic carcinoma is known to be androgen-sensitive and responds to treatment that counteracts the effect of androgen and/or removes the source of androgen, e.g., castration. Elevations of plasma testosterone and estradiol levels have been noted following flutamide administration. Pharmacokinetics Absorption Analysis of plasma, urine, and feces following a single oral 200 mg dose of tritium-labeled Eulexin ® to human volunteers showed that the drug is rapidly and completely absorbed. Following a single 250 mg oral dose to normal adult volunteers, the biologically active alpha-hydroxylated metabolite reaches maximum plasma concentrations in about 2 hours, indicating that it is rapidly formed from flutamide. Food has no effect on the bioavailability of flutamide. Distribution In male rats administered an oral 5 mg/kg dose of 14 C-flutamide neither flutamide nor any of its metabolites is preferentially accumulated in any tissue except the prostate. Total drug levels were highest 6 hours after drug administration in all tissues. Levels declined at roughly similar rates to low levels at 18 hours. The major metabolite was present at higher concentrations than Eulexin ® in all tissues studied. Following a single 250 mg oral dose to normal adult volunteers, low plasma concentrations of Eulexin ® were detected. The plasma half-life for the alpha-hydroxylated metabolite of Eulexin ® is approximately 6 hours. Eulexin ® , in vivo , at steady-state plasma concentrations of 24 to 78 ng/mL, is 94% to 96% bound to plasma proteins. The active metabolite of Eulexin ® , in vivo , at steady-state plasma concentrations of 1556 to 2284 ng/mL, is 92% to 94% bound to plasma proteins. Metabolism The composition of plasma radioactivity, following a…

ADVERSE REACTIONS Stage B 2 -C Prostatic Carcinoma Treatment with Eulexin ® capsules and the goserelin acetate implant did not add substantially to the toxicity of radiation treatment alone. The following adverse experiences were reported during a multicenter clinical trial comparing Eulexin ® + goserelin acetate implant + radiation versus radiation alone. The most frequently reported (greater than 5%) adverse experiences are listed below: Adverse Events During Acute Radiation Therapy (within first 90 days of radiation therapy) (n=231) Goserelin Acetate Implant + Eulexin ® + Radiation (n=235) Radiation Only % All % All Rectum/Large Bowel 80 76 Bladder 58 60 Skin 37 37 Adverse Events During Late Radiation Phase (after 90 days of radiation therapy) (n=231) Goserelin Acetate Implant + Eulexin ® + Radiation (n=235) Radiation Only % All % All Diarrhea 36 40 Cystitis 16 16 Rectal Bleeding 14 20 Proctitis 8 8 Hematuria 7 12 Additional adverse event data were collected for the combination therapy with radiation group over both the hormonal treatment and hormonal treatment plus radiation phases of the study. Adverse experiences occurring in more than 5% of patients in this group, over both parts of the study, were hot flashes (46%), diarrhea (40%), nausea (9%), and skin rash (8%). Stage D 2 Metastatic Carcinoma The following adverse experiences were reported during a multicenter clinical trial comparing Eulexin ® + LHRH agonist versus placebo + LHRH agonist. The most frequently reported (greater than 5%) adverse experiences during treatment with Eulexin ® capsules in combination with an LHRH agonist are listed in the table below. For comparison, adverse experiences seen with an LHRH agonist and placebo are also listed in the following table. (n=294) Eulexin ® + LHRH agonist (n=28) Placebo + LHRH agonist % All % All Hot Flashes 61 57 Loss of Libido 36 31 Impotence 33 29 Diarrhea 12 4 Nausea/Vomiting 11 10 Gynecomastia 9 11 Other 7 9 Other GI 6 4 As shown in the table, for…

CONTRAINDICATIONS Eulexin ® capsules are contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to Eulexin ® or any component of this preparation. Eulexin ® capsules are contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment (baseline hepatic enzymes should be evaluated prior to treatment).

WARNINGS Hepatic Injury SEE BOXED WARNINGS Use in Women Eulexin ® capsules are for use only in men. This product has no indication for women and should not be used in this population, particularly for nonserious or nonlife-threatening conditions. Fetal toxicity Eulexin ® may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman (see Pregnancy ). Aniline toxicity One metabolite of Eulexin ® is 4-nitro-3-fluoro-methylaniline. Several toxicities consistent with aniline exposure, including methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia and cholestatic jaundice have been observed in both animals and humans after Eulexin ® administration. In patients susceptible to aniline toxicity (e.g. persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, hemoglobin M disease and smokers), monitoring of methemoglobin levels should be considered.

Drug Interactions Increases in prothrombin time have been noted in patients receiving long-term warfarin therapy after Eulexin ® was initiated. Therefore close monitoring of prothrombin time is recommended and adjustment of the anticoagulant dose may be necessary when Eulexin ® capsules are administered concomitantly with warfarin.