Dexmedetomidine

Dexmedetomidine is a relatively selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist indicated for:

Sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting. Administer Dexmedetomidine by continuous infusion not to exceed 24 hours.

Sedation of non-intubated patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures.

Individualize and titrate Dexmeditomidine dosing to desired clinical effect.

Administer Dexmeditomidine using a controlled infusion device.

Dilute the 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL) vial contents in 0.9% sodium chloride solution to achieve required concentration (4 mcg/mL) prior to administration.

The 200 mcg/50 mL single-use bottles do not require further dilution prior to administration.

For Adult Intensive Care Unit Sedation

: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes,  followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/hour.

For Adult Procedural Sedation

: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes, followed by a maintenance infusion initiated at 0.6 mcg/kg/hour and titrated to achieve desired clinical effect with doses ranging from 0.2 to 1 mcg/kg/hour.

Alternative Doses

: Recommended for patients over 65 years of age and awake fiberoptic

intubation patients.

Dexmedetomidine is a specific and selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. By binding to the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors, it inhibits the release if norepinephrine, therefore, terminate the propagation of pain signals. Activation of the postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors inhibits the sympathetic activity decreases blood pressure and heart rate.

Body as a Whole

: Fever, hyperpyrexia, hypovolemia, light anesthesia, pain, rigors

Cardiovascular Disorders, General

: Blood pressure fluctuation, heart disorder, hypertension, hypotension, myocardial infarction

Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

: Dizziness, headache, neuralgia, neuritis, speech disorder, convulsion

• Gastrointestinal System Disorders
• : Abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea
• Liver and Biliary System Disorders

: Increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hepatic function abnormal, hyperbilirubinemia

Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders

: Acidosis, respiratory acidosis, hyperkalemia, thirst, hypoglycemia

• Psychiatric Disorders
• : Agitation, confusion, delirium, hallucination, illusion
• Red Blood Cell Disorders
• : Anemia
• Renal Disorders
• : Blood urea nitrogen increased, oliguria
• Respiratory System Disorders
• : Hypoventilation, hypoxia, pulmonary congestion
• Skin Disorders
• : Increased sweating
• Vascular Disorders
• : Hemorrhage
• Vision Disorders

: Photopsia, abnormal vision.

Continuous monitoring is needed while patient receiving Dexmedetomidine.

Pregnancy Category C.

Bradycardia, hypotension and cardiac arrest is observed.

Co-administration of Dexmedetomidine with anesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, and opioids is likely to lead to an enhancement of effects.

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.